Real-time neurotransmitter monitoring is crucial for neuroscience and brain disorder treatments. Here, the authors introduce a carbon coating method that achieves reliable, scalable neurotransmitter sensing, integrated with neural electrodes.

Enantioenriched α-chiral β-fluorinated ketones are valuable structural motifs with application in several fields. Herein, the authors report a novel family of chiral thiazolium carbenes with broad steric and electronic tunability, allowing for the acyltrifluoromethylations of simple unactivated olefins in high enantioselectivity, yielding enantioenriched α-chiral βfluorinated ketones.

The limited availability of efficient oxygen reduction reaction catalysts impedes the practical application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this study, the catalytic activity of Pt-based high-entropy intermetallic is enhanced by regulating antisite defects.

The authors propose a matrix plainification strategy to eliminate lattice vacancies in the Cu2Se matrix of the Cu2Se/SnSe composites, resulting in obvious improvement in carrier mobility and power factor, obtaining a high figure of merit of 3.3.

Recently, spontaneous symmetry breaking was reported in 1D and 2D lattices with long-range interactions on analogue quantum simulators. Here, using a digital quantum annealing algorithm, Hu et al. observe this effect in a tree-like superconducting qubit lattice with short-range interactions at zero temperature.

Hidden water beneath Antarctica’s ice can accelerate ice loss, potentially raising sea levels by over 2 meters by 2300. These findings highlight the urgent need to incorporate evolving subglacial hydrology into ice sheet models for more accurate sea-level rise projections.

Sinking organic particles transport vast amounts of carbon to the deep ocean. This study shows that biogels scavenged during their descent can slow their sinking by up to 45% in one day, regulating a key process in the oceanic carbon cycle.

Some diamondiferous kimberlite lavas can originate from ancient domains located at Earth’s core-mantle boundary, according to analyses of noble gas geochemistry of magmatic fluids trapped inside kimberlite hosted olivines.

In this study, satellite-derived locational probabilities are analysed to unravel records of river adjustment in the Philippines. The data show spatially non-uniform variability in along-valley patterns of geomorphic river mobility.

Hydrous silicate melts atop the 410 km discontinuity have ultra-low viscosities, enabling rapid segregation. These melts form paired layers through continuous dehydration melting, which can merge under specific conditions, explaining seismically observed deep melt structures.

Arrayed and pooled high-throughput screening is crucial for drug discovery and CRISPR functional genomics. Here, the authors present dFLASH; a dual FLuorescent transcription factor Activity Sensor for Histone-integrated live-cell reporting for high performance screening applications across numerous pathways and screening contexts.

The outer surface protein CspZ is a potential vaccine candidate of Borrelia burgdorferi for Lyme disease prevention. Here, using structure-based design, the authors generate a mutant CspZ protein with increased stability and improved immunogenicity, exposing protective epitopes.

Horizontally transferred genes must be integrated into host biology. Here, the authors show that the domestication of bacterial hopanoid synthesis has rewired lipid metabolism of a eukaryote leading to changes in membrane structure and physiology.

Rixosome has critical roles in ribosome biogenesis and silencing of Polycomb target genes. Here authors Huang and Tong report the structures of several sub-complexes of rixosome and a model for the core scaffold of this complex.

Cancer cells rely on mitochondria for energy and macromolecule synthesis. Here, the authors show that RNA G-quadruplex dynamics, driven by oncogenic signals, regulate the translation of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial mRNAs, affecting mitochondrial function and promoting cancer cell growth.

Here, the authors develop an AI tool called MindGlide that can extract key information from brain images acquired as part of the routine care of multiple-sclerosis patients to help interpret treatment effects, which previously required manual analysis.

Missing modality challenges longitudinal omics studies. Here, the authors introduce LEOPARD, a pioneering neural network that uses style transfer to re-entangle omics data, enabling robust imputation and unlocking fresh insights into predictive healthcare and biological temporal dynamics.

Baseline performance, benchmarks, and guidance for LLMs in biomedicine are limited. The authors assess four LLMs on 12 tasks, establish baselines, examine hallucinations, and provide recommendations for optimal LLM use.

Aseptic loosening is the primary cause of bone prosthesis failure, commonly attributed to inadequate osseointegration. Here, researchers report an inflammation-responsive titanium coating (DOPA-P1@P2) to enhance implant osseointegration by sequentially regulating bone regeneration.

Large-scale biobanks have become a font of data that have led to discoveries across many fields of research. Here, the authors provide an overview of the Estonian Biobank, highlighting its value for research and towards personalized medicine.

The authors estimate income inequality in the Roman Empire and the Chinese Han Empire. They find that the Han Empire was, overall, more unequal and extractive than the Roman Empire, with the respective one-percenters earning 26% and 19% of total income.

In this study, satellite-derived locational probabilities are analysed to unravel records of river adjustment in the Philippines. The data show spatially non-uniform variability in along-valley patterns of geomorphic river mobility.

Accurate short-term wind speed prediction is crucial for wind power systems. Authors propose a machine learning-based short-term wind prediction network using CNN-Transformer architecture, demonstrating strong transferability and robustness for predicting wind speeds in various climatic regions.

Antibiotic contamination has become a global challenge. Here, authors develop a retrievable and recyclable microalgae hydrogel network system, which can achieve efficient degradation of antibiotics over a wide range of concentrations.

Global commitments to reducing antimicrobial use in agrifood systems underscore the urgent need to address antimicrobial resistance. Here, the authors project changes in antibiotic use in livestock through 2040, exploring various potential pathways